11. Ling J, Stephens R, Heffernan TM. Cognitive and psychomotor performance during the hangover of alcohol. Curr Drug Abuse Rev (2010) 3: 80-7. doi: 10.2174/1874473711003020080 myth: The order of drinks affects a hangover – as stated in the expression “beer before alcohol, never sicker”. Alcohol is the main culprit of a hangover, but other components of alcoholic beverages can contribute to hangover symptoms or make the hangover worse. The metabolic processes necessary for the excretion of alcohol deplete essential vitamins[26] and electrolytes. [27] In addition, alcohol is a diuretic that causes electrolyte excretion through urination. After a night of drinking, the lack of important vitamins B and C, as well as potassium, magnesium and zinc, can cause fatigue, pain and other hangover-like symptoms. [Citation needed] 16. Owen L.

Behavioral consequences of alcohol hangover – preliminary results. Alcohol Alcohol (2013) 48:i15–i16. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agt085 Myth: Certain actions, such as drinking coffee or taking a shower, can prevent or cure a hangover. 3. Van Schrojenstein Lantman M, de Loo A, Mackus M, Verster J. Development of a definition of alcohol-related hangover: consumer descriptions and expert consensus. Curr Drug Abuse Rev (2016) 9:148-54. doi: 10.2174/1874473710666170216125822 One can only guess that the hangover screams, “Whoa, who did I vote for last night?” Experimental studies have shown that in HS, response time and the number of errors in task performance increase [12,13].

Impaired cognitive functions (attention, operative memory, retrospective and prospective, executive function deficit) and psychomotor disorders detected in HS lead to decreased productivity at work, which increases the risk of workplace and road injuries [14-16]. There is a direct correlation between hangover frequency and the likelihood of different types of workplace problems [3]. A simulator study showed a significant impairment in the ability to drive in a hangover state [17]. At the same time, 56.4% of truck drivers in Denmark admitted to driving in a hangover [6]. A biochemical marker survey of drivers admitted to a U.S. hospital injured after a traffic accident found that 22% of them were drinking alcohol on the eve of the accident, even though no alcohol had been found in their blood [5]. An alcohol hangover is associated with a variety of symptoms, which can include drowsiness, headaches, concentration problems, dry mouth, dizziness, gastrointestinal discomfort, fatigue, sweating, nausea, hyperexcitability, anxiety, and a feeling of general discomfort that can last more than 24 hours. [6] Alcohol hangover symptoms occur when blood alcohol levels drop dramatically and peak when they return to almost zero. [5] [7] Hangover symptoms validated in controlled studies include general malaise, thirst, headache, dizziness or fainting, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, abdominal pain, and a feeling of the heart racing.

Some symptoms, such as changes in sleep patterns and gastrointestinal discomfort, are attributed to the direct effects of alcohol intoxication or withdrawal symptoms. [8] Drowsiness and impaired cognitive function are the two dominant characteristics of alcohol-related hangovers. [7] The definition refers to a “combination of psychological and physical symptoms.” Hangover symptoms are generally perceived as negative, but the original wording does not indicate whether these symptoms are likely to be negative or positive. Therefore, we propose to modify this as a “combination of negative mental and physical symptoms.” Consistent with previous discussions [1], hangover symptoms are not listed in the definition. Symptoms vary from drinker to drinker and occasion to drink, even if the same amounts of alcohol are consumed [8,17]. The inclusion of specific symptoms instead of the general description “combination of negative mental and physical symptoms” would therefore considerably limit the applicability of the definition. “The hangover of Brexit is starting now,” says Nicholas Bloom, an economist at Stanford who studied the economic impact of the 2016 referendum. Myth: An alcoholic beverage in the morning after a night of drinking will help avoid a hangover — a practice colloquially known as “dog hair that bit you.” When developing a definition, it is important to accurately describe the concept (i.e., alcohol-related hangover). In addition, a correct definition of a phenomenon should not include potential risk factors for its occurrence. There are many risk factors for hangovers, including, but not limited to, the amount of alcohol consumed (compared to normal), the maximum blood alcohol level, the kongener content of drinks, smoking, drinking activities (such as dancing or sitting in a bar), or emotional state while drinking alcohol.

While these risk factors are of course important to study and mention when it comes to alcohol-related hangovers, they should not be included in a definition of the concept itself, as the observation/diagnosis of a condition should be separate from the risk/likelihood of it occurring. However, it is important to always refer to “alcohol consumption” in the definition of a hangover, as this behavior is mandatory to induce the condition (and not just a risk factor). A hangover is the experience of various unpleasant physiological and psychological effects that usually follow the consumption of alcohol such as wine, beer and distilled spirits. The hangover can last several hours or more than 24 hours. Typical hangover symptoms may include headache, drowsiness, concentration problems, dry mouth, dizziness, fatigue, gastrointestinal discomfort (e.g., vomiting, diarrhea), lack of hunger, sensitivity to light, depression, sweating, nausea, hyperexcitability, irritability, and anxiety. [1] In 2012, Éduc`alcool, a Quebec non-profit organization that aims to educate the public on how to consume alcohol responsibly, published a report indicating that hangovers have lasting effects that inhibit the drinker`s abilities 24 hours after excessive alcohol consumption. [61] Blessed yourself, my son, and may you have a hangover big enough to show you the wickedness of your ways. To relieve their hangover symptoms, some people turn to electrolyte-rich sports drinks or other products, or even intravenous (IV) treatments, to treat electrolyte imbalance caused by increased urination and fluid loss as a result of alcohol consumption. The research found no correlation between the extent of electrolyte disturbances and hangover severity or the effects of added electrolytes on hangover severity.

In most people, the body quickly restores electrolyte balance once the effect of alcohol wears off. 48. Wiese JG, Shlipak MG, Browner WS. The hangover of alcohol. Ann Intern Med (2000) 132: 897-902. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-132-11-200006060606060-00008 We hereby propose to update the definition of a drinking hangover as follows: “A hangover refers to the combination of negative mental and physical symptoms that may occur after a single episode of alcohol consumption, starting with the blood alcohol level (BAC) towards zero.” It is known that several factors that in themselves do not cause the hangover of alcohol affect its severity. These factors include personality, genetics, health status, age, gender, related activities during alcohol use such as smoking, use of other drugs, physical activity such as dancing, and sleep quality and duration. [3] He didn`t speak English and my high school German was inadequate, especially accompanied by a successful hangover. The effects of hangovers have been dragging on for ages. However, the word itself has only fermented since the end of the 19th century.

Originally, hangovers described someone or something who simply remained or survived, but it was later distilled into common usage as a word for the effects of excessive alcohol or drug use. Nowadays, a hangover can also indicate emotional disappointment or an unwanted extension of notes or sounds from a speaker. Studies show that alcohol hangovers are associated with a decrease in blood sugar concentration (less than 70 ml/dl), but the relationship between blood sugar concentration and hangover severity is unclear. [3] Also known as insulin shock, hypoglycemia can lead to coma or even death. [28] 4. Stephens R, Ling J, Heffernan TM, Heather N, Jones K. A review of the literature on the cognitive effects of alcohol hangovers.